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WASHINGTON (AFP) – A key index tracking the US economy barely rose in February, indicating that economic growth after a brutal recession may have peaked, the Conference Board said Thursday.

The business research firm said its forward-looking leading economic index (LEI) gained just 0.1 percent following a rise of 0.3 percent in January and 1.2 percent in December.

The rise, the smallest in 11 months, was held down by the manufacturing and labor market components, underscoring the nearly double-digit unemployment crisis threatening growth.

The 0.1 percent increase, however, matched the consensus forecast of analysts who had expected the pace of recovery since the middle of last year to ease as government stimulus efforts to jolt the economy from recession fade.

"The LEI for the US has risen rapidly for almost a year now and it has reached its highest level," said economist Ataman Ozyildirim at The Conference Board, adding that the sharp pickup appeared to be stabilizing.

"As the economy moves from recovery into early phases of an expansion, the leading economic index points to moderately improving economic conditions in the near term," Ozyildirim said.

Analysts said the leading indicators were signaling slower growth as the boost from an inventory swing and the fiscal stimulus faded payday loans.

"The moderation is consistent with our view that the recovery is maturing and that the economy is downshifting to a slower rate of growth," said Michael Bratus, an associate economist at Moody's Economy.com.

Although some of the decline in manufacturing may have been related to snowstorms that wreaked havoc in February, "the underlying trend was likely still slow."

"In coming months, we will need at least a modest uptick in the labor market indicators to ensure that the recovery is on track to becoming a broad-based, self-sustaining expansion in 2011," Bratus said.

The Conference Board?s index of coincident indicators, which tracks current economic activity, also rose 0.1 percent in February after being flat a month earlier and rising 0.1 percent in December.

The index gauges the state of components including payrolls, incomes, sales and production.

US key indicators point to slower economic growth

NEW YORK (MarketWatch) — Bank stocks led the financial sector lower Monday morning, ahead of details contained in a Democratic bank-reform bill to put before a key Senate panel.

The Keefe Bruyette & Woods Bank ETF shed 0.4%, which helped drive the broader exchange-traded fund Financial Select Sector SPDR down more than 0.5%. Shares of KeyCorp and Citigroup led all decliners.

On the upside, American International Group Inc. and Legg Mason topped the gainers column payday advance loans.

After months of efforts to craft bipartisan legislation, Senate Banking Committee Chairman Chris Dodd, D-Conn., plans to introduce a revised version of sweeping bank reform legislation on Monday, most likely without the support of the panel’s Republican members.

Financial Stocks: U.S. financial stocks slip in early trading

SMITHFIELD, Va. – Meat processor Smithfield Foods returned to a profit in the third quarter, partly due to strength in its packaged meats business and higher sales overseas.

Smithfield, like many meat companies, has been gradually recovering from a mix of high feed prices, low demand and industry consolidation.

Earnings were $37.3 million, or 22 cents per share, for the period ended Jan. 31. That compares with a loss of $105 business

CINCINNATI – The Kroger Co.’s profit fell 27 percent in the fourth quarter, even as sales rose with a boost from the grocer’s gasoline incentives for regular customers.

The nation’s largest traditional grocery chain Tuesday reported profit of $255.4 million, or 39 cents per share, down from $349.2 million or 53 cents, a year ago.

Sales rose 7 percent to $18.6 billion. Excluding fuel, sales were up 2 percent.

Analysts expected 34 cents per share on $17 cash advance america.73 billion of revenue.

In the heated competition for recession-strapped households, Kroger has expanded discounts at its gas stations for regular customers, who can get at least 10 cents off a gallon for every $100 in grocery store purchases.

Kroger 4Q profit down 27 percent

WASHINGTON — “On the Internet, the First Amendment is a local ordinance,” said Fred H. Cate, a law professor at Indiana University. He was talking about last week’s ruling from an Italian court that Google executives had violated Italian privacy law by allowing users to post a video on one of its services.

In one sense, the ruling was a nice discussion starter about how much responsibility to place on services like Google for offensive content that they passively distribute.

But in a deeper sense, it called attention to the profound European commitment to privacy, one that threatens the American conception of free expression and could restrict the flow of information on the Internet to everyone.

“Americans to this day don’t fully appreciate how Europeans regard privacy,” said Jane Kirtley, who teaches media ethics and law at the University of Minnesota. “The reality is that they consider privacy a fundamental human right.”

Google understands.

“The framework in Europe is of privacy as a human-dignity right,” said Nicole Wong, a lawyer with the company. “As enforced in the U.S., it’s a consumer-protection right.”

But Ms. Wong said Google’s policies on invasion of privacy, like its policies on hate speech, pornography and extreme violence, were best applied uniformly around the world. Trying to meet all the differing local standards “will make you tear your hair out and be paralyzed.”

The three Google executives were sentenced to six months in prison for failing to block a video showing an autistic boy being bullied by other students. The video was on line for two months in 2006, and was promptly removed after Google received a formal complaint. The prison sentences were suspended.

Still, Judge Oscar Magi’s ruling, in effect, balanced privacy against free speech and ruled in favor of the former. And given the borderless quality of the Internet, that balance has the potential to affect nations that prefer to tilt toward the values protected by the First Amendment.

“For many purposes, the European Union is today the effective sovereign of global privacy law,” Jack Goldsmith and Tim Wu wrote in their book “Who Controls the Internet?” in 2006.

This may sound odd in America, where the First Amendment has pride of place in the Bill of Rights. In Europe, privacy comes first.

Article 8 of the European Convention on Human Rights says, “Everyone has the right to respect for his private and family life, his home and his correspondence.” The First Amendment’s distant cousin comes later, in Article 10.

Americans like privacy, too, but they think about it in a different way, as an aspect of liberty and a protection against government overreaching, particularly into the home. Continental privacy protections, by contrast, focus on protecting people from having their lives exposed to public view, especially in the mass media.

The title of a Yale Law Journal article by James Q. Whitman captured the tension: “The Two Western Cultures of Privacy: Dignity Versus Liberty.” And historical experience helps explain the differing priorities.

“The privacy protections we see reflected in modern European law are a response to the Gestapo and the Stasi,” Professor Cate said, referring to the reviled Nazi and East German secret police — totalitarian regimes that used informers, surveillance and blackmail to maintain their power, creating a web of anxiety and betrayal that permeated those societies. “We haven’t really lived through that in the United States,” he said.

American experience has been entirely different, said Lee Levine, a Washington lawyer who has taught media law in America and France. “So much of the revolution that created our legal system was a reaction to excesses of government in areas of press and speech,” he said.

It was not until 1890 that Samuel Warren and Louis D flexcheck cash advance. Brandeis wrote “The Right to Privacy,” their groundbreaking Harvard Law Review article. Influential though it was, it came awfully late in the life of the republic.

The word privacy does not appear in the Constitution, and, outside the context of government searches, the document has almost nothing to say about the concept. This was perhaps best demonstrated by how hard the Supreme Court had to work in Griswold v. Connecticut, the 1965 ruling that established a right to marital privacy.

That right, Justice William O. Douglas wrote, was suggested by the First, Third, Fourth, Fifth and Ninth Amendments. The “specific guarantees in the Bill of Rights have penumbras, formed by emanations from those guarantees,” he wrote, in a much-mocked passage.

European courts, by contrast, have Article 8.

In 2004, the European Court of Human Rights relied on it to rule that Princess Caroline of Monaco could block German magazines from publishing pictures of her — quite tame pictures — that had been taken in public. “I believe that the courts have to some extent and under American influence made a fetish of the freedom of the press,” Judge Bostjan M. Zupancic of Slovenia wrote in a concurrence. “It is time that the pendulum swung back to a different kind of balance between what is private and secluded and what is public and unshielded.”

The differing conceptions can have profound consequences. “Europeans are likely to privilege privacy protection over both economic efficiency and speech,” Susan P. Crawford, who teaches Internet law at the University of Michigan, wrote in an e-mail message. “They’re willing to risk huge economic losses and erect trade barriers in order to protect privacy.”

The Italian prosecution would be unimaginable in America. The Communications Decency Act of 1996 leaves online companies free of liability for transmitting most kinds of unlawful material supplied by others. Prosecutions for truthful speech on matters of public interest are almost certainly barred by the First Amendment.

Still, said Marc Rotenberg, executive director of the Electronic Privacy Information Center, there may be something to learn from the Italian episode. “This video was enormously controversial, widely seen and very upsetting,” he said. “Sometimes,” he added, “there are egregious acts and there should be some responsibility.”

But Professor Crawford cautioned against thinking about the problem in categorical terms. Privacy is a broad enough concept, and Europe and America are varied enough, that it is easy to find counterexamples. Britain, for one, is only slowly moving toward the Continental model.

And what Italian prosecutors labeled a battle over principle may well have had another goal.

“Italian media is full of naked women and embarrassing revelations about both celebrities and ordinary people,” Professor Crawford wrote. “Any concern for privacy in this case is a pious cover for an (also naked) assertion of power over online companies.”

In some ways the Italian video represents the easy case. Google was merely a conduit for other people’s information, and that may well be enough to protect it in most of Europe.

The harder cases arise when Google is more active in gathering and disseminating information, as in its StreetView service, which provides ground-level panoramas gathered by cars with cameras on them. The program has generated legal challenges in Switzerland and Germany.

“Google is digitizing the world and expecting the world to conform to Google’s norms and conduct,” said Siva Vaidhyanathan, who teaches media studies and law at the University of Virginia. “That’s a terribly naïve view of privacy and responsibility.”

When American and European Ideas of Privacy Collide

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SEOUL (AFP) – South Korea's top automaker Hyundai Motor said Wednesday it would recall its flagship Sonata sedan in the United States and the domestic market due to a door lock problem.

The firm said in a statement that 1,300 Sonata sedans already sold in the United States and another 46,000 cars in South Korea would be recalled.

Hyundai said the move was in response to reported defective front-door locks on some of its modified Sonatas launched last September high quality business cards. It said it ordered its US dealers on Tuesday to stop selling the model.

The recall was announced on the same day that Toyota's top US executive admitted that global recalls by the Japanese giant had "not totally" fixed dangerous safety flaws.

Hyundai to recall Sonata sedan in US and S.Korea

DETROIT — The chief executive of Toyota, Akio Toyoda, accepted an invitation on Thursday from the House Oversight and Government Affairs Committee to testify next week in Washington in the aftermath of the recall of millions of cars because of sudden unintended acceleration.

Mr. Toyoda’s decision to testify came in a brief statement released in late afternoon by the automaker, hours after the invitation was made by Representative Edolphus Towns, a Democrat of New York who chairs the committee.

“I have received Congressman Towns’ invitation to testify before the House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform on February 24 and I accept,” Mr. Toyoda said in the statement. “I look forward to speaking directly with Congress and the American people.”

In a letter earlier to Mr. Toyoda, Mr. Towns said it was important for Mr. Toyoda to appear to “help clarify the situation.”

Previously, the committee had invited the president of Toyota North America, Yoshimi Inaba, to appear at next Wednesday’s hearing, one of three scheduled in Congress in the next two weeks.

“We are pleased Mr. Toyoda accepted the invitation to testify before the committee,” Mr. Towns and the committee’s ranking Republican member, Darrell Issa of California, said in a statement. “We believe his testimony will be helpful in understanding the actions Toyota is taking to ensure the safety of American drivers.”

“As you know, there is widespread public concern regarding reports of sudden unintended acceleration in Toyota motor vehicles,” Mr. Towns wrote earlier in his letter. “Toyota has recalled millions of its vehicles and even halted production. In addition, there are reports that this problem may have been the direct cause of serious injury and even death.”

He continued, “There appears to be growing public confusion regarding which vehicles may be affected and how people should respond. In short, the public is unsure as to what exactly the problem is, whether it is safe to drive their cars, or what they should do about it.”

Mr. Towns said Mr. Toyoda could submit written testimony, but should be prepared to provide a five-minute opening statement and to answer questions.

The decision to testify now turns the spotlight on Toyota, where there has been debate inside the company in the United States and Japan over whether Mr. Toyoda should appear, or send company executives in his place. Until Thursday, neither of the two House or one Senate committees holding hearings on Toyota had invited him to attend.

Analysts and public relations experts say that it was in the company’s interest for Mr. Toyoda to appear.

“This is a moment when Toyota is going to be in the world’s eyes,” said Michael Useem, professor of management at the Wharton School at the University of Pennsylvania. “It’s going to be the most powerful and effective if the C.E.O. does appear.”

But there are enormous risks for any chief executive who testifies before Congress, as leaders from Wall Street and Detroit can attest, and that is causing concern within Toyota, people with knowledge of the company’s deliberations said Wednesday.

Just 14 months ago, the chief executives of the Detroit automakers endured hours of questions before Congressional committees, along with heated criticism over their use of corporate jets best humidifiers.

In 2000, Jacques Nasser, chief executive of Ford, and Masatoshi Ono, his counterpart at Japanese tire maker Bridgestone/Firestone, also were questioned by members of Congress after accidents involving exploding tires on the Ford Explorer. Both left their companies within about a year.

In the hearings next week, the role of N.H.T.S.A., the federal safety agency, is also expected to be addressed, including whether it acted promptly enough on information it received from consumers.

They are set for Tuesday, by the House Energy and Commerce Committee, and Wednesday, by the House Oversight and Government Reform Committee. (The energy panel moved up its hearing.)

The energy panel has invited James Lentz, the president of Toyota Motor Sales U.S.A., to testify at its hearing on Tuesday.

On Thursday, the Texas governor, Rick Perry, sent a letter to a member of the committee, reminding him of the importance of the company to the Texas economy. Toyota has a truck plant in San Antonio that employs 3,000 people, while the state’s 83 dealers employ another 7,500 people.

In the letter to Representative Joe L. Barton, a Republican of Texas, Mr. Perry said it appeared negative news about the company “is being encouraged by plaintiffs’ trial lawyers, union activists and those interested in cutting Toyota’s market share.”

Mr. Perry went on, “Toyota is a valued employer and corporate citizen and an integral part of the Texas economy. Many Texas families depend on Toyota not only for safe, reliable transportation but for a good paycheck.”

Mr. Perry is the latest governor to come to the company’s defense. The governors of Mississippi, Indiana, Kentucky and Alabama, which all have Toyota plants, also have written letters to members of Congress backing the automaker.

Mr. Toyoda would probably find a more hospitable audience if he were to appear on March 2 at a hearing by the Senate Commerce Committee. Its chairman, John D. Rockefeller IV, Democrat of West Virginia, has known the Toyoda family for decades and has a Toyota plant in his home state.

A spokeswoman for the Senate committee said no decision had been made on whether to invite Mr. Toyoda.

One complexity in inviting Mr. Toyoda is that he most likely would speak through a translator during the question-and-answer session, though he is conversant in English. Mr. Toyoda, who attended business school at Babson College and lived in New York and California, spoke in English to an industry conference held last August in northern Michigan, and uses it in interviews. But he has spoken primarily in Japanese during the recent series of news conferences that he has held in Japan.

Mr. Toyoda has traveled to Washington in the past, for meetings with dealers and members of Congress, and has met a number of representatives who have Toyota facilities in their districts. Company executives had planned for him to visit the United States in March and have been exploring ways he could meet with lawmakers outside of a formal Congressional setting.

Toyota Chief Agrees to Testify Before House Panel

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In 1870, the French novelist Victor Hugo had a vision. Planting an oak tree in his yard, he predicted that by the time it matured, a “United States of Europe” would have sprung up, strengthened by a common currency that would one day make the Continent a force to be reckoned with.

One hundred and forty years later, the dream, like Hugo’s tree, is alive — if a little twisted.

Around Europe, 27 nations now fly the flag of the European Union next to their own. Sixteen have ditched the drachmas, marks and other bills that symbolized their sovereignty to embrace a single currency, the euro, lending new power to their economic and trade bloc.

All that is now being called into question, however, as European leaders struggle to prevent ruinous spending by Greece from spiraling into a wider crisis or even breaking up the euro union. How they handle this problem could either propel Europe to greater economic and political clout in the decades ahead, or downgrade it to a sideshow in a global economic theater directed by China and the United States.

For the moment, things don’t look comforting for the euro. As the troubles in Greece drove the currency ever lower against the dollar last week, Europe’s politicians did what everyone has by now come to expect: they talked about a bailout for Greece, then talked some more about the need to take “coordinated action.”

Yet details of a rescue plan were put off to a future date. No mention was made of how they would prevent Portugal, Spain or other deficit-saddled economies from falling like dominoes. And questions about who would pay for any future blowups were answered with silence.

“Now is the time when Europe needs to speak as one voice,” said Simon Tilford, chief economist at the Center for European Reform in London. “The crisis should lead to political unity, but it could just as easily lead to a divided Europe.”

What explains this inertia? Even as the euro was being conceived, Germany, Europe’s sturdiest economy, was fretting about Europe’s tendency to freeze during a crisis. The German chancellor at the time, Helmut Kohl, and Otmar Issing, a German who was then the chief economist for the European Central Bank, feared that unless they set strict rules on euro membership, the new currency union could stumble.

Germany and other wealthy northern European nations might one day even find themselves transferring taxpayer money to support their poorer kin in the south, among them Greece, Portugal, Spain and Italy cheap pay day loans. Britain, one of Europe’s wealthiest nations, saw the writing on the wall and never surrendered its pound.

The seeds of the current debacle were planted early. In 2003, four years after the euro’s birth, France touched off a firestorm by spending lavishly to tame a recession, declaring with a shrug that it had agreed only to “the principle of Europe.” Nations like Portugal, which made painful budget cuts to qualify for euro membership, asked why they should sacrifice if a heavyweight like France didn’t. Greece and Italy echoed similar views.

With more governments using the euro like a credit card, it was only a matter of time before investors questioned their ability repay debt. In January, when Greece tried to raise funds to pay down some of its 53 billion euro deficit, investors forced the government to pay an annual interest rate of more than 6 percent on bonds that will mature in five years.

Now governments in Spain, Portugal and Italy are also facing demands for higher rates, and fears that they might have to quit the euro club are mounting. On Friday, the French bank Société Générale became the latest to question whether a bailout of Greece simply postponed “the inevitable breakup of the euro zone.”

What this means for dreams of a more united Europe remains far from clear.

When the dust settles, Europe will probably still be a union with separate national parliaments and fiscal policies, says Thomas Mayer, the chief economist of Deutsche Bank. But he says he foresees economic policies that will be more tightly coordinated between countries, with a mechanism to resolve crises like the one brought on by Greece today. If that happens, the number of stable countries adopting the euro would probably grow, cementing Europe’s economic might as the decades pass.

But if the politicians fail, Hugo’s vision of a United States of Europe would become more clouded, and Europe’s economic weight in the world would decline.

Already, some of the small Baltic nations that had been clamoring to get into the euro club are having second thoughts. And if Britons were wary of adopting the euro before, they must surely be nursing a silent schadenfreude as they watch Germany and France scramble to clean up after Greece. Don’t expect them to change their minds any time soon.

Contemplating the Future of the European Union

OSLO – Norwegian telecommunications group Telenor ASA on Wednesday reported a 25 percent jump in fourth-quarter profits, primarily thanks to growth in Asia, but said it may have to cut costs this year to strengthen its finances.

Net profit rose to 2.5 billion kroner ($425 million) in the October-December period, from just under 2 billion kroner a year earlier. Revenues slipped to 24.2 billion kroner during that time, from 25.9 billion kroner in the fourth quarter of 2008. That excludes pro forma figures from Telenor’s troubled Ukrainian holding Kyivstar that were also provided for comparative reasons.

Telenor shares dropped 3 percent, to 75.85 kroner ($12.84), in morning trading in Oslo.

A strong quarter for Telenor in the Pakistani, Thai and Bangladeshi markets, as well as in the company’s consistently strong Scandinavian operations, contributed to a sustained revenue stream.

New subscriptions in these markets offset slumping revenues from Telenor’s operations in Eastern Europe, where the global financial crunch has depressed the telecoms market. Telenor subscriptions grew by 2 million in the fourth quarter.

Carnegie analyst Espen Torgersen said the result was “substantially over market expectation free credit scores.” He attributed the negative market reaction to Telenor’s lower-than-expected outlook for 2010.

Telenor CEO Jon Fredrik Baksaas warned of potential cost-cutting measures in 2010 to cope with hits to the group’s finances in the wake of the financial crisis.

Telenor “will strive to secure our market positions, while capturing organic growth opportunities. We will continue to implement necessary efficiency measures and provide innovative and viable solutions to our customers,” Baksaas said.

Among its priorities in 2010 are the expansion of its Indian subsidiary, which launched on Dec. 22, and the end of a long and expensive legal battle with Russian conglomerate Alfa Group over joint operations in Russia and Ukraine.

Telenor employs more than 40,000 people in 14 countries and claims 174 million subscribers worldwide.

___

On the Net:

http://www.telenor.com

Norway’s Telenor posts 25 pct rise in Q4 profits

NEW YORK – A former senior managing director at New Castle Partners hedge fund has pleaded guilty to securities fraud charges, admitting making $900,000 through insider trading.

The plea was entered in federal court in Manhattan Wednesday by Mark Kurland. Kurland pleaded guilty to conspiracy to commit securities fraud and securities fraud.

In doing so, he admitted a role in what prosecutors have described as the largest hedge fund insider trading case in history.

Kurland is the eighth person to plead guilty in a case that has resulted in charges against 21 people so far fast payday loans. They are accused of making tens of millions of dollars through inside trades.

Among those charged is Raj Rajaratnam (RAHJ rah-juh-RUHT’-nuhm), a portfolio manager and one of America’s richest people.

Plea entered in NY in massive insider trading case